Efnisyfirlit

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contributors
• Preface
• SECTION I. STRUCTURE CONSIDERATIONS IN EQUINE SPORTS MEDICINE
  • 1.  An overview of performance and sports medicine
    • Equine sports medicine and the athletic horse
    • Overview of the application of sports medicine and exercise science in the athletic horse
    • Techniques and instrumentation needed for laboratory research of the athletic species
    • Future of equine sports medicine
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 2.  Comparative aspects of exercise physiology
    • Main athletic species
    • Comparative physiology of the athletic species
    • History of improvement in racing times in the different species
    • Conclusion
    • References
• SECTION II. PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE AND PERFORMANCE
  • 3.  Energetic considerations of exercise
    • Production of energy
    • Energy expenditure
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 4.  Nutrition of the performance horse
    • Equine digestion, absorption, and metabolism
    • References and suggested readings
    • Suggested readings
  • 5.  Hematology and biochemistry
    • Resting hemogram, leucogram, and serum or plasma biochemical variables
    • Changes in plasma or serum biochemical values associated with exercise
    • Hematologic and biochemical changes associated with training
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 6.  Physiology of acid–base balance and fluid shifts with exercise
    • Body fluid compartments
    • Plasma osmolarity and the concentration of key electrolytes
    • Electrolytes and acid–base status
    • Effects of acute exercise on fluid and electrolyte balance
    • Environment, exercise, and sweat loss
    • Thirst, drinking, and electrolyte intake
    • Renal function during exercise
    • The adaptive (training) response to repeated exercise
    • Effects of aging on the acute and chronic response to exercise
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 7.  Endocrine and immune responses to exercise and training
    • Endocrine system and hormones
    • Major endocrine glands and hormones
    • Endocrine mediation of short–term control of cardiovascular function
    • Endocrine control of metabolism during acute exercise
    • References and suggested reading
    • Suggested reading
  • 8.  Thermoregulation
    • Mechanisms of heat transfer
    • Regulation of internal body temperature
    • Physiologic thermoregulatory mechanisms for heat loss
    • Thermoregulation during exercise
    • Effects of combined exercise and heat stress
    • Clinical problems associated with heat stress and exercise in horses
    • Conclusion
    • References and suggested reading
  • 9.  The respiratory system: Anatomy, physiology, and adaptations to exercise and training
    • Introduction
    • Structural peculiarities of the equine respiratory system and their functional impact
    • Functional peculiarities of the equine respiratory system at rest and adaptations during exercise
    • Respiratory function during recovery from exercise
    • Respiratory adaptations to training
    • The respiratory system and its thermoregulatory role
    • The respiratory system and its role in acid–base homeostasis
    • Conclusion
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
  • 10.  Transport of horses
    • History of the transport of performance horses
    • Size of the present-day horse transport industry
    • Current methods of transport of athletic horses
    • Is the transport of horses stressful?
    • Management and veterinary care of horses in transit
    • References and suggested reading
  • 11.  The cardiovascular system: Anatomy, physiology, and adaptations to exercise and training
    • Anatomy and basic physiology
    • Cardiac cycle
    • Cardiovascular adaptations to exercise
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 12.  Muscle anatomy, physiology, and adaptations to exercise and training
    • Muscle structure and function
    • Equine muscle composition: Response to exercise and adaptations with training
    • Limitations to performance created by metabolic myopathies
    • Conclusion
    • References and suggested reading
  • 13.  Tendon, ligament, bone, and cartilage: Anatomy, physiology, and adaptations to exercise and training
    • Tendons and ligaments
    • Bone
    • Cartilage
    • References and suggested reading
  • 14.  Age and disuse in athletes: Effects of detraining, spelling, injury, and age
    • Detraining and disuse
    • Effect of aging on exercise capacity
    • Conclusion
    • References and suggested reading
• SECTION III. BIOMECHANICS/KINEMATICS AND PERFORMANCE
  • 15.  Conformation
    • Assessment of conformation
    • Influences on conformation
    • Breed and performance criteria
    • References
  • 16.  The biomechanics of equine locomotion
    • Biomechanical adaptations in equine anatomy
    • Locomotion analysis
    • Normal locomotion: Gait classification in horses
    • Interlimb coordination and the principles of neuromotor control
    • References
  • 17.  Kinematics of the equine back and pelvis
    • Biomechanical concept of the quadrupedal back
    • Research leading to current analytical techniques for equine thoracolumbar kinematics
    • Applied research into the kinematics of the equine back and pelvis
    • Future developments
    • References
  • 18.  Functional biomechanics: Effect of the rider and tack
    • Effect of tack on the horse
    • Effect of rider on the horse
    • Conclusion
    • References
• SECTION IV. PRACTICAL EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
  • 19.  Training regimens: Physiologic adaptations to training
    • Muscular responses to exercise
    • Hematologic responses to training
    • Changes in cardiorespiratory variables in response to training
    • Metabolic responses to training
    • Application of indices of fitness to horses in training
    • Conclusion
  • 20.  Training the thoroughbred racehorse
    • Phases of training
    • Conclusion
  • 21.  Training standardbred trotters and pacers
    • Breaking yearlings
    • Alternative training methods: Use of resistance cart, heart rate monitor, and lactate analyzer
    • Advances in veterinary care
    • Advances in nutrition
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • 22.  Training endurance horses
    • Selection of endurance horses
    • Training for distance
    • Training the musculoskeletal system
    • Training energy systems in the muscle
    • Training the cardiovascular system
    • Training fluid and electrolyte systems
    • Training gastrointestinal systems
    • Mental training and cross-training
    • Training for veterinary inspections
    • Training for speed
    • Return to work after time off
    • Overtraining
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • 23.  Training the event horse
    • The sport of modern eventing
    • Selecting the ideal horse
    • Training the young horse
    • Progression of the young event horse and training at the pre-novice and 1* level
    • Training of the national level event horse at 2* and 3* level
    • Training of the international event horse
    • References
  • 24.  Dressage tests, movements, and training: A primer
    • Breeds of horses used in dressage
    • Dressage arenas
    • Competition
    • Dressage tests
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 25.  Training show jumpers
    • Conformation and show jumping
    • Biomechanics of show jumping
    • Physiologic demands of show jumping
    • Predictability of jumping performance and the effect of early training on jumping ability
    • Training on the flat
    • Training over fences
    • Conditioning the show jumper
    • Other considerations
    • References and suggested reading
  • 26.  Training working horses
    • Profile of the working horse
    • Injury profile of the working horse
    • Specific training regime
    • Injury prevention strategies
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 27.  Training the racing quarterhorse
    • Uniqueness of the racing quarterhorse
    • Example training program
    • Changes associated with training
    • Management of horses in training
    • References and suggested reading
  • 28.  Evaluation of performance potential
    • Athletic performance
    • Oxygen-transport chain
    • Airways and lungs
    • Cardiovascular system
    • Blood volume
    • Musculoskeletal system
    • Muscle power
    • Buffering capacity
    • Fatigue in response to high-intensity exercise
    • Fatigue during prolonged submaximal exercise
    • Measurements for evaluation of performance potential
    • Exercise testing
    • Conclusion
  • 29.  Clinical exercise testing
    • Indications for exercise testing
    • Track versus treadmill exercise tests
    • Track exercise testing
    • Overview of testing procedures
    • Standardized track-based exercise test for standardbred trotters
    • Track exercise tests for horses undertaking other disciplines
    • Treadmill exercise tests
    • Measurements during a treadmill exercise test
    • Endoscopic examination of the upper respiratory tract during exercise
    • Oxygen uptake
    • Conclusion
• Index

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