Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics
Lýsing:This full-color text offers a clear, complete introduction and detailed reference for...
10.290 kr.
Lýsing:
This full-color text offers a clear, complete introduction and detailed reference for creating 3D models and 2D documentation drawings. Building on its reputation as a trusted reference, this edition expands on the role that 3D CAD databases now play in design and documentation. Superbly integrated illustrations, text, step-by-step instructions, and navigation make it easier than ever to master key skills and knowledge.
Throughout, the authors demonstrate 3D and 2D drawing skills and CAD usage in real-world work practice in today's leading disciplines. They combine strong technical detail, real-world examples, and current standards, materials, industries, and processes-all in a format that is efficient, colorful, and visual. Features: Splash Spread: Appealing chapter opener provides context and motivation. References and Web Links: Useful weblinks and standards provided upfront in each chapter.
Understanding Section: Foundational introductions, tabbed for easy navigation, outline each topic's importance, use, visualization tips, and theory. Detail Section: Detailed, well-tested explanations of drawing techniques, variations, and examples-organized into quick-read sections, numbered for easy reference. CAD at Work Section: Breakout pages offer tips on generating drawings from 2D or 3D models.
Portfolio Section: Examples of finished drawings show how techniques are applied in the real world. Key Words: Italicized on first reference, summarized after each chapter. Chapter: Summaries and Review Questions: Efficiently reinforce learning. Exercises: Outstanding problem sets with updated exercises, including parts, assembly drawings from CAD models, sketching problems, and orthographic projections.
Annað
- Höfundar: Frederick E. Giesecke, Shawna Lockhart, Marla Goodman, Cindy M. Johnson
- Útgáfa:16
- Útgáfudagur: 2023-02-16
- Engar takmarkanir á útprentun
- Engar takmarkanir afritun
- Format:ePub
- ISBN 13: 9780138065638
- Print ISBN: 9780138065720
- ISBN 10: 0138065632
Efnisyfirlit
- Cover Page
- About This eBook
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- About this Book
- Updated Content
- Teaching/Learning Features
- Preface
- Online Resources
- Acknowledgments
- Pearson’s Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
- Contents
- Chapter One: The Worldwide Graphic Language for Design
- Understanding the Role of Technical Drawings
- 1.1 Graphics Tools in Action
- 1.2 Rapid Prototyping
- 1.3 Drafting Standards
- 1.4 Creativity Techniques
- 1.5 Product Definition
- 1.6 Showing the Design Process in a Portfolio
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Reverse Engineering Projects
- Chapter Two: Layouts and Lettering
- Understanding Projection
- 2.1 Alphabet of Lines
- 2.2 Freehand Lines
- 2.3 Measurement Systems
- 2.4 Drawing Scale
- 2.5 Specifying the Scale on a Drawing
- 2.6 Lettering
- 2.7 Lettering Standards
- 2.8 Using Guidelines for Hand Lettering
- 2.9 Vertical and Inclined Letters and Numerals
- 2.10 Fractions
- 2.11 Spacing of Letters and Words
- 2.12 Lettering for Titles
- 2.13 Drawing Pencils
- 2.14 Templates
- 2.15 CAD Tools
- 2.16 Sketching and Drawing Media
- 2.17 Standard Sheets
- 2.18 Standard Layout Elements
- 2.19 Layouts
- 2.20 Planning Your Drawing or Sketch
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Three: Visualization and Sketching
- Understanding Solid Objects
- Understanding Sketching Techniques
- 3.1 Technique of Lines
- 3.2 Sketching Straight Lines
- 3.3 Sketching Circles, Arcs, and Ellipses
- 3.4 Maintaining Proportions
- 3.5 One-View Drawings
- 3.6 Pictorial Sketching
- 3.7 Projection Methods
- 3.8 Axonometric Projection
- 3.9 Isometric Projection
- 3.10 Isometric Drawings
- 3.11 Making an Isometric Drawing
- 3.12 Offset Location Measurements
- 3.13 Hidden Lines and Centerlines
- 3.14 Angles in Isometric
- 3.15 Irregular Objects
- 3.16 Curves in Isometric
- 3.17 True Ellipses in Isometric
- 3.18 Orienting Ellipses in Isometric Drawings
- 3.19 Drawing Isometric Cylinders
- 3.20 Screw Threads in Isometric
- 3.21 Arcs in Isometric
- 3.22 Spheres in Isometric
- 3.23 Oblique Sketches
- 3.24 Length of Receding Lines
- 3.25 Choice of Position in Oblique Drawings
- 3.26 Ellipses for Oblique Drawings
- 3.27 Angles in Oblique Projection
- 3.28 Sketching Assemblies
- 3.29 Sketching Perspectives
- 3.30 Curves and Circles in Perspective
- 3.31 Shading
- 3.32 Computer Graphics
- 3.33 Drawing on Drawing
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Sketching Exercises
- Chapter Four: Geometry for Modeling and Design
- Coordinates for 3D CAD Modeling
- Geometric Entities
- 4.1 Manually Bisecting a Line or Circular Arc
- 4.2 Drawing Tangents to Two Circles
- 4.3 Drawing an Arc Tangent to a Line or Arc and Through a Point
- 4.4 Bisecting an Angle
- 4.5 Drawing a Line Through a Point and Parallel to a Line
- 4.6 Drawing a Triangle With Sides Given
- 4.7 Drawing a Right Triangle With Hypotenuse and One Side Given
- 4.8 Laying Out an Angle
- 4.9 Drawing an Equilateral Triangle
- 4.10 Polygons
- 4.11 Drawing a Regular Pentagon
- 4.12 Drawing a Hexagon
- 4.13 Ellipses
- 4.14 Spline Curves
- 4.15 Geometric Relationships
- 4.16 Solid Primitives
- 4.17 Recognizing Symmetry
- 4.18 Extruded Forms
- 4.19 Revolved Forms
- 4.20 Irregular Surfaces
- 4.21 User Coordinate Systems
- 4.22 Transformations
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Skills Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Five: Modeling and Design
- Refinement and Modeling
- Kinds of Models
- 5.1 2D Models
- 5.2 3D Models
- 5.3 Types of 3D Models
- 5.4 Constraint-Based Modeling
- 5.5 Constraints Define the Geometry
- 5.6 Planning Parts for Design Flexibility
- 5.7 Sketch Constraints
- 5.8 The Base Feature
- 5.9 Editing the Model
- 5.10 Constraint-Based Modeling Modes
- 5.11 Choosing the Right Modeling Method
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Six: Orthographic Projection
- Understanding Projection
- 6.1 Hidden Line Technique
- 6.2 Precedence of Lines
- 6.3 Centerlines
- 6.4 Laying Out a Drawing
- 6.5 Developing Views from 3D Models
- 6.6 Visualization
- 6.7 Views of Surfaces
- 6.8 Normal Surfaces
- 6.9 Inclined Surfaces
- 6.10 Oblique Surfaces
- 6.11 Edges
- 6.12 Normal Edges
- 6.13 Inclined Edges
- 6.14 Oblique Edges
- 6.15 Parallel Edges
- 6.16 Angles
- 6.17 Vertices
- 6.18 Interpreting Points
- 6.19 Interpreting Lines
- 6.20 Similar Shapes of Surfaces
- 6.21 Interpreting Views
- 6.22 Models
- 6.23 Projecting a Third View
- 6.24 Becoming a 3D Visualizer
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Seven: 2D Drawing Representation
- Practices for 2D Documentation Drawings
- 7.1 Visualizing and Drawing Complex Cylindrical Shapes
- 7.2 Cylinders When Sliced
- 7.3 Cylinders and Ellipses
- 7.4 Intersections and Tangencies
- 7.5 Fillets and Rounds
- 7.6 Runouts
- 7.7 Conventional Edges
- 7.8 Necessary Views
- 7.9 Partial Views
- 7.10 Alignment of Views
- 7.11 Removed Views
- 7.12 Right-Hand and Left-Hand Parts
- 7.13 Revolution Conventions
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Eight: Section Views
- Understanding Sections
- 8.1 Placement of Section Views
- 8.2 Labeling Cutting Planes
- 8.3 Line Precedence
- 8.4 Rules for Lines in Section Views
- 8.5 Cutting-Plane Line Style
- 8.6 Section-Lining Technique
- 8.7 Half Sections
- 8.8 Broken Out Sections
- 8.9 Revolved Sections
- 8.10 Removed Sections
- 8.11 Offset Sections
- 8.12 Ribs in Section
- 8.13 Aligned Sections
- 8.14 Partial Views
- 8.15 Intersections in Sections
- 8.16 Conventional Breaks and Sections
- 8.17 Assembly Sections
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Nine: Auxiliary Views
- Understanding Auxiliary Views
- 9.1 Using Triangles to Sketch Auxiliary Views
- 9.2 Using Grid Paper to Sketch Auxiliary Views
- 9.3 Using CAD to Create Auxiliary Views
- 9.4 Circles and Ellipses in Auxiliary Views
- 9.5 Hidden Lines in Auxiliary Views
- 9.6 Partial Auxiliary Views
- 9.7 Half Auxiliary Views
- 9.8 Reverse Construction
- 9.9 Auxiliary Sections
- 9.10 Viewing-Plane Lines and Arrows
- 9.11 Uses of Auxiliary Views
- 9.12 True Length of a Line
- 9.13 Point View of a Line
- 9.14 Edge View of a Plane
- 9.15 True Size of an Oblique Surface
- 9.16 Dihedral Angles
- Understanding Developments and Intersections
- 9.17 Developments
- 9.18 Hems and Joints for Sheet Metal and Other Materials
- 9.19 More Examples of Developments and Intersections
- 9.20 Transition Pieces
- 9.21 Triangulation
- 9.22 Developing a Transition Piece Connecting Rectangular Pipes on the Same Axis
- 9.23 Developing a Plane and a Sphere
- 9.24 Revolution
- 9.25 Primary and Successive Revolutions
- 9.26 True Length of a Line: Revolution Method
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Ten: Modeling for Manufacture and Assembly
- Design for Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly, and Service
- 10.1 Assembly Models
- 10.2 Assemblies and Design
- 10.3 Assemblies and Simulation
- 10.4 Parts for Assemblies
- 10.5 Using Your Model to Check Fits
- 10.6 Manufacturing Processes
- 10.7 Dos and Don’ts of Practical Design
- 10.8 Manufacturing Materials
- 10.9 Appearance, Service Life, and Recycling
- 10.10 Dimensional Accuracy and Surface Finish
- 10.11 Net-Shape Manufacturing
- 10.12 Computer-Integrated Manufacturing
- 10.13 Shared Manufacturing
- 10.14 Manufacturing Methods and the Drawing
- 10.15 Modeling for Testing and Refinement
- 10.16 Determining Mass Properties
- 10.17 Exporting Data from the Database
- 10.18 Downstream Applications
- 10.19 Prototyping Your Design
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Skills Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Eleven: Dimensioning
- Understanding Dimensioning
- 11.1 Lines Used in Dimensioning
- 11.2 Using Dimension and Extension Lines
- 11.3 Arrowheads
- 11.4 Leaders
- 11.5 Drawing Scale and Dimensioning
- 11.6 Direction of Dimension Values and Notes
- 11.7 Dimension Units
- 11.8 Millimeter Values
- 11.9 Decimal-Inch Values
- 11.10 Rules for Dimension Values
- 11.11 Rules for Rounding Decimal Dimension Values
- 11.12 Dual Dimensioning
- 11.13 Combination Units
- 11.14 Dimensioning Symbols
- 11.15 Placing and Showing Dimensions Legibly
- 11.16 Superfluous Dimensions
- 11.17 Dimensioning Angles
- 11.18 Dimensioning Arcs
- 11.19 Fillets and Rounds
- 11.20 Size Dimensioning: Prisms
- 11.21 Size Dimensioning: Cylinders
- 11.22 Size Dimensioning: Holes
- 11.23 Applying Standard Dimensioning Symbols
- 11.24 Dimensioning Counterbores and Spotfaces with Fillets
- 11.25 Dimensioning Triangular Prisms, Pyramids, and Cones
- 11.26 Dimensioning Curves
- 11.27 Dimensioning Curved Surfaces
- 11.28 Dimensioning Rounded-End Shapes
- 11.29 Dimensioning Threads
- 11.30 Dimensioning Tapers
- 11.31 Dimensioning Chamfers
- 11.32 Shaft Centers
- 11.33 Dimensioning Keyways
- 11.34 Dimensioning Knurls
- 11.35 Finish Marks
- 11.36 Surface Roughness
- 11.37 Location Dimensions
- 11.38 Mating Dimensions
- 11.39 Coordinate Dimensioning
- 11.40 Tabular Dimensions
- 11.41 Dimensioning for Numerically-Controlled Machining
- 11.42 Machine, Pattern, and Forging Dimensions
- 11.43 Sheet Metal Bends
- 11.44 Notes
- 11.45 Standards
- 11.46 Dos and Don’ts of Dimensioning
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Twelve: Tolerancing
- Understanding Tolerance
- 12.1 Specifying Tolerances
- 12.2 General Tolerance Notes
- 12.3 Limit Tolerances
- 12.4 Plus-or-Minus Tolerances
- 12.5 Tolerance Stacking
- 12.6 Using American National Standard Limits and Fit Tables
- 12.7 Tolerances and Machining Processes
- 12.8 Metric System of Tolerances and Fits
- 12.9 Preferred Sizes
- 12.10 Preferred Fits
- 12.11 Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
- 12.12 Symbols for Tolerances of Position and Form
- 12.13 Datum Features
- 12.14 Positional Tolerances
- 12.15 Maximum Material Condition
- 12.16 Tolerances of Angles
- 12.17 Form Tolerances for Single Features
- 12.18 Orientations for Related Features
- 12.19 Using Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
- 12.20 Tolerances and Digital Product Definition
- 12.21 Computer Graphics
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Thirteen: Threads, Fasteners, and Springs
- Understanding Threads and Fasteners
- 13.1 Thread Notes
- 13.2 External Thread Symbols
- 13.3 Internal Thread Symbols
- 13.4 Detailed Representation: Metric, Unified, and American National Threads
- 13.5 Threads in Assembly
- 13.6 Modeling Thread
- 13.7 American National Standard Pipe Threads
- 13.8 Use of Phantom Lines
- 13.9 Tapped Holes
- 13.10 Bolts, Studs, and Screws
- 13.11 Standard Bolts and Nuts
- 13.12 Drawing Standard Bolts
- 13.13 Specifications for Bolts and Nuts
- 13.14 Locknuts and Locking Devices
- 13.15 Standard Cap Screws
- 13.16 Standard Machine Screws
- 13.17 Standard Set Screws
- 13.18 American National Standard Wood Screws
- 13.19 Miscellaneous Fasteners
- 13.20 Keys
- 13.21 Machine Pins
- 13.22 Rivets
- 13.23 Springs
- 13.24 Drawing Helical Springs
- 13.25 Modeling Springs
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Fourteen: Working Drawings
- Working Drawings or Construction Drawings
- 14.1 Subassemblies
- 14.2 Identification
- 14.3 Parts Lists
- 14.4 Assembly Sections
- 14.5 Working Drawing Assembly
- 14.6 Installation Assemblies
- 14.7 Check Assemblies
- 14.8 Working Drawing Formats
- 14.9 Drawing Numbers
- 14.10 Zoning
- 14.11 Checking Drawings
- 14.12 Drawing Revisions
- 14.13 Simplifying Drawings
- 14.14 Patent Drawings
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Fifteen: Drawing Control and Data Management
- Documentation and the Design Database
- 15.1 Requirements for Engineering Documentation
- 15.2 Drawing Control Methods
- 15.3 Good Practices for Electronic Drawing Storage
- 15.4 Drawing Standards
- 15.5 Permission and Ownership
- 15.6 Backing Up Drawing Files
- 15.7 Storage Media
- 15.8 Using the 3D Design Database in Concurrent Engineering
- 15.9 Quality Management
- 15.10 Product Data Management
- 15.11 Managing Work Flow
- 15.12 Data Management and the Web
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Skills Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Sixteen: Gears and Cams
- Understanding Gears
- 16.1 Constructing a Base Circle
- 16.2 The Involute Tooth Shape
- 16.3 Approximate Involute Using Circular Arcs
- 16.4 Spacing Gear Teeth
- 16.5 Rack Teeth
- 16.6 Working Drawings of Spur Gears
- 16.7 Spur Gear Design
- 16.8 Worm Gears
- 16.9 Working Drawings of Worm Gears
- 16.10 Bevel Gears
- 16.11 Bevel Gear Definitions and Formulas
- 16.12 Working Drawings of Bevel Gears
- 16.13 Cams
- 16.14 Displacement Diagrams
- 16.15 Cam Profiles
- 16.16 Offset and Pivoted Cam Followers
- 16.17 Cylindrical Cams
- 16.18 Other Drive Devices
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Seventeen: Electronic Diagrams
- Understanding Electronic Diagrams
- 17.1 Drawing Size, Format, and Title
- 17.2 Line Conventions and Lettering
- 17.3 Standard Symbols for Electronic Diagrams
- 17.4 Abbreviations
- 17.5 Grouping Parts
- 17.6 Arrangement of Electrical/Electronic Symbols
- 17.7 Connections and Crossovers
- 17.8 Interrupted Paths
- 17.9 Terminals
- 17.10 Color Coding
- 17.11 Division of Parts
- 17.12 Electron Tube Pin Identification
- 17.13 Reference Designations
- 17.14 Numerical Values
- 17.15 Functional Identification and Other Information
- 17.16 Integrated Circuits
- 17.17 Printed Circuits
- 17.18 Computer Graphics
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Eighteen: Structural Drawings
- Structural Drawings
- 18.1 Wood Construction
- 18.2 Structural Steel
- 18.3 Structural Steel Shapes
- 18.4 Specifications
- 18.5 Welded and Bolted Connections
- 18.6 Riveted Connections
- 18.7 Frame Beam Connections
- 18.8 Welding
- 18.9 High-Strength Bolting for Structural Joints
- 18.10 Accuracy of Dimensions
- 18.11 Concrete Construction
- 18.12 Reinforced Concrete Drawings
- 18.13 Structural Clay Products
- 18.14 Stone Construction
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Nineteen: Landform Drawings
- Understanding Landform Drawings
- Getting Information for Maps
- 19.1 Symbols
- 19.2 Bearings
- 19.3 Elevation
- 19.4 Contours
- 19.5 City Maps
- 19.6 Structure Location Plans
- 19.7 Highway Plans
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Twenty: Piping Drawings
- Understanding Piping Drawings
- 20.1 Steel and Wrought Iron Pipe
- 20.2 Cast Iron Pipe
- 20.3 Seamless Brass and Copper Pipe
- 20.4 Copper Tubing
- 20.5 Plastic and Specialty Pipes
- 20.6 Pipe Fittings
- 20.7 Pipe Joints
- 20.8 Valves
- 20.9 American National Standard Code for Pressure Piping
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Twenty-One: Welding Representation
- Understanding Weldment Drawings
- Understanding a Welding Symbol
- 21.1 Types of Welded Joints
- 21.2 Types of Welds
- 21.3 Welding Symbols
- 21.4 Fillet Welds
- 21.5 Groove Welds
- 21.6 Back or Backing Welds
- 21.7 Surface Welds
- 21.8 Plug and Slot Welds
- 21.9 Spot Welds
- 21.10 Seam Welds
- 21.11 Projection Welds
- 21.12 Flash and Upset Welds
- 21.13 Welding Applications
- 21.14 Welding Templates
- 21.15 Computer Graphics
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Twenty-Two: Axonometric Projection Online Only
- Understanding Axonometric Projection
- 22.1 Dimetric Projection
- 22.2 Approximate Dimetric Drawings
- 22.3 Trimetric Projection
- 22.4 Trimetric Scales
- 22.5 Trimetric Ellipses
- 22.6 Axonometric Projection Using Intersections
- 22.7 Computer Graphics
- 22.8 Oblique Projections
- 22.9 Ellipses for Oblique Drawings
- 22.10 Offset Measurements
- 22.11 Oblique Dimensioning
- 22.12 Computer Graphics
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Chapter Twenty-Three: Perspective Drawings Online Only
- Understanding Perspectives
- 23.1 Perspective from a Multiview Projection
- 23.2 Nonrotated Side View Method for Perspective
- 23.3 Drawing an Angular Perspective
- 23.4 Position of the Station Point
- 23.5 Location of the Picture Plane
- 23.6 Bird’s-Eye View or Worm’s-Eye View
- 23.7 The Three Types of Perspectives
- 23.8 One-Point Perspective
- 23.9 One-Point Perspective of a Cylindrical Shape
- 23.10 Two-Point Perspective
- 23.11 Three-Point Perspective
- 23.12 Measurements in Perspective
- 23.13 Direct Measurements along Inclined Lines
- 23.14 Vanishing Points of Inclined Lines
- 23.15 Inclined Lines in Perspective, Joining Endpoint Method
- 23.16 Curves and Circles in Perspective
- 23.17 The Perspective Plan Method
- 23.18 Perspective Diagram
- 23.19 Shading
- 23.20 Computer Graphics
- Key Words
- Chapter Summary
- Review Questions
- Chapter Exercises
- Glossary
- Appendices
- 1 List of Standards Organizations
- 2 Abbreviations for Use on Drawings and in Text—American National Standard
- 3 Useful Formulas for Geometric Entities
- 4 Running and Sliding Fits—American National Standard
- 5 Clearance Locational Fits—American National Standard
- 6 Transition Locational Fits—American National Standard
- 7 Interference Locational Fits—American National Standard
- 8 Force and Shrink Fits—American National Standard
- 9 International Tolerance Grades
- 10 Preferred Metric Hole Basis Clearance Fits—American National Standard
- 11 Preferred Metric Hole Basis Transition and Interference Fits—American National Standard
- 12 Preferred Metric Shaft Basis Clearance Fits—American National Standard
- 13 Preferred Metric Shaft Basis Transition and Interference Fits—American National Standard
- 14 Screw Threads, American National, Unified, and Metric
- 15 Twist Drill Sizes—American National Standard and Metric
- 16 Acme Threads, General Purpose
- 17 Bolts, Nuts, and Cap Screws—Square and Hexagon—American National Standard and Metric
- 18 Cap Screws, Slotted and Socket Head—American National Standard and Metric
- 19 Machine Screws—American National Standard and Metric
- 20 Keys—Square, Flat, Plain Taper, and Gib Head
- 21 Screw Threads, Square and Acme
- 22 Woodruff Keys—American National Standard
- 23 Woodruff Key Sizes for Different Shaft Diameters
- 24 Pratt and Whitney Round-End Keys
- 25 Washers, Plain—American National Standard
- 26 Washers, Lock—American National Standard
- 27 Wire Gage Standards
- 28 Taper Pins—American National Standard
- 29 Cotter Pins—American National Standard
- 30 Metric Equivalents
- 31 Welding Symbols and Processes—American Welding Society Standard
- 32 Topographic Symbols
- 33 Piping Symbols—American National Standard
- 34 Heating, Ventilating, and Ductwork Symbols—American National Standard
- 35 Amer. Nat’l Std. Graphical Symbols for Electronic Diagrams
- 36 Form and Proportion of Datum Symbols
- 37 Form and Proportion of Geometric Characteristic Symbols
- 38 Form and Proportion of Geometric Dimensioning Symbols
- 39 Form and Proportion of Modifying Symbols
- 40 Form and Proportion of Dimensioning Symbols and Letterss
- 41 Comparison of Symbols
- 42 Wrought Steel Pipe and Taper Pipe Threads—American National Standard
- 43 Cast Iron Pipe, Thicknesses and Weights—American National Standard
- 44 Cast Iron Pipe Screwed Fittings, 125 LB—American National Standard
- 45 Cast Iron Pipe Screwed Fittings, 250 LB—American National Standard
- 46 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Fittings, 125 LB—American National Standard
- 47 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges, Drilling for Bolts and Their Lengths, 125 LB—American National Standard
- 48 Shaft Center Sizes
- 49 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Fittings, 250 LB—American National Standard
- 50 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges, Drilling for Bolts and Their Lengths, 250 LB—American National Standard
- 51 Types of Scales
- 52 Additional Geometric constructions
- Index
- Credits
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