Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Title page
• Copyright
• List of Illustrations
• Acknowledgments
• Preface
• About the Companion Website
• PART I: KEY CONCEPTS IN LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, COMPREHENSION, AND ACQUISITION
  • 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO LANGUAGE SCIENCE
    • Language Characteristics
    • Grammar, Language Origins, and Nonhuman Communication Systems
      • Research on communication abilities in apes
      • “Monkeys don’t talk”
      • Language origins
    • Language and Thought
      • Whorf, linguistic determinism, and linguistic relativity
      • Whorf makes a comeback
    • A Description of the Language-Processing System
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 2 SPEECH PRODUCTION AND COMPREHENSION
    • Speech Production
      • Speech errors
      • Tip-of-the-tongue experiences
      • Picture naming and picture–word interference studies
      • The spreading activation model of speech production
      • Potential limitations of lemma theory
      • Self-monitoring and self-repair
    • Articulation
    • Foreign Accent Syndrome Revisited
    • Speech Perception
      • Coarticulation effects on speech perception
      • The motor theory of speech perception
      • The McGurk effect: Visual gestures affect speech perception
      • Mirror neurons: The motor theory enjoys a renaissance
      • The mirror neuron theory of speech perception jumps the shark
      • Other problems for mirror neuron/motor theory
      • The general auditory approach to speech perception
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 3 WORD PROCESSING
    • The Anatomy of a Word: How We Mentally Represent Word Form
    • Lexical Semantics
      • Associationist accounts of word meaning
      • The symbol-grounding problem Embodied semantics
    • Lexical Access
      • First-generation models
      • Second-generation models
      • Third-generation models
    • Lexical Ambiguity Resolution
      • Does context influence meaning selection for ambiguous words?
    • The Neural Basis of Lexical Representation and Lexical Access
      • How are word meanings represented in the brain?
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 4 SENTENCE PROCESSING
    • Models of Parsing: Two-stage Models
    • Models of Parsing: Constraint-based Models
      • Story context effects
      • Subcategory frequency effects
      • Cross-linguistic frequency data
      • Semantic effects
      • Prosody
      • Visual context effects
    • Interim Summary
    • Argument Structure Hypothesis
    • Limitations, Criticisms, and Some Alternative Parsing Theories
      • Construal
      • Good-enough parsing
    • Parsing Long-distance Dependencies
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 5 DISCOURSE PROCESSING
    • Construction-Integration Theory
      • Construction and integration
    • The Structure-building Framework
    • The Event-Indexing Model
      • Modeling space, time, protagonists, and motivation
    • Causation, Cohesion, and Coherence in Discourse Encoding and Memory
    • The Role of General World Knowledge in Discourse Processing
    • Building Situation Models
    • Inferencing: Memory-based Account of Discourse Processing—Minimalist versus Constructionist Inferencing
    • The Neural Basis of Discourse Comprehension
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 6 REFERENCE
    • Characteristics of Referents that Make Co-Reference Easier
    • Characteristics of Anaphors that Make Co-Reference Easier
    • The Relationship between an Anaphor and Possible Referents Affects Anaphor Resolution
    • Binding Theory
    • Psycholinguistic Theories of Anaphoric Reference
      • The memory focus model
      • Centering theory
      • Informational load hypothesis
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 7 NONLITERAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
    • Types of Nonliteral Language
    • The Standard Pragmatic View
    • Metaphor
      • Class inclusion and dual reference
      • Conceptual mapping and meaning
      • The structural similarity view
      • The career-of-metaphor hypothesis
    • Why Metaphor?
    • Metonymy and Under-Specification
    • Idioms and Frozen Metaphors
    • Embodiment and the Interpretation of Nonliteral Language
    • The Neural Basis of Nonliteral Language Interpretation
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 8 DIALOGUE
    • Gricean Maxims
    • Dialogue Is Interactive
    • Common Ground
    • Audience Design
      • Egocentric production
    • Effects of Listeners’ Perspective-taking on Comprehension
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 9 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD
    • Prenatal Learning
      • Babies suck
    • Infant Perception and Categorization of Phonemes
    • Solving the Segmentation Problem
      • Infant-directed speech
      • Practical advice corner
    • Statistical Learning and Speech Segmentation
    • Interim Summary
    • Learning Word Meanings
      • Syntactic bootstrapping
    • Acquisition of Morphological and Syntactic Knowledge
      • Acquisition of word category knowledge
      • Acquisition of morphological knowledge
      • Acquisition of phrase structure knowledge
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 10 READING
    • Speed-reading?
    • Eye-Movement Control and Reading
      • The perceptual span
    • Oculomotor and Cognitive Control Theories of Reading
      • E-Z reader
      • Parallel attention models and parafoveal-on-foveal effects
    • Cognitive Processing in Reading I
      • Different writing systems and scripts Learning to read
    • Cognitive Processing in Reading II: Visual Word Processing
      • Dual-route and dual-route cascaded models
      • Single-route models
      • Neighborhood effects
      • Nonword pronunciation
    • Dyslexia: Single-Deficit Models
    • Dyslexia: Dual-Route and Single-Route Explanations
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 11 BILINGUAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
    • Mary Potter and the Secrets of Bilingualism
    • Languages Are Simultaneously Active during Comprehension and Production
      • Competition in production
      • Effects of fluency, balance, and language similarity on competition
      • Shared syntactic structure representations
    • Models of Language Control in Bilingual Speakers
      • BIA+
      • Inhibitory control
      • Context effects and the zooming-in hypothesis
    • Bilingualism and Executive Control
    • Teaching Techniques and Individual Differences in Second-Language Learning
    • The Neural Bases of Bilingualism
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 12 SIGN LANGUAGE
    • Characteristics of Signed Languages
      • Sign language morphology
    • Lexical Access in Sign Language
    • Sign Language Acquisition and Language Evolution
    • The Neural Basis of Sign Language: Left-Hemisphere Contributions to Production and Comprehension
    • Does the Right Hemisphere Play a Special Role in Sign Language?
      • Why is language left lateralized?
    • The Effects of Deafness and Learning Sign Language on Cognitive Processing
      • Perspective taking and sign language
    • Cochlear Implants
      • Outcomes for CI users
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
• PART II: LANGUAGE DISORDERS
  • 13 APHASIA
    • Aphasiology: What Happens to Language When the Brain Is Damaged?
      • The classic WLG model
      • Problems with the classic WLG model
    • Broca’s Aphasia, Wernicke’s Aphasia, and Syntactic Parsing
      • The trace deletion hypothesis
      • Evidence against the trace deletion hypothesis
      • The mapping hypothesis
      • The resource restriction hypothesis
      • The slowed syntax hypothesis
    • Treatment and Recovery from Aphasia
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 14 DEVELOPMENTAL LANGUAGE DISORDER
    • What Is Developmental Language Disorder?
      • Him going fishing! Jim hold … water. And go fish
      • Characteristics of children with DLD
      • Outcomes for children and adults with DLD
    • How Do We Identify Children with DLD?
      • The discrepancy criteria approach
      • The functional impairment approach
      • Early indicators of DLD and prognosis
    • Causes
      • Genetic contributions to DLD
      • Brain structure and lateralization of function
      • What about connectivity?
      • Extended optional infinitive account: Tense is for losers
      • The surface account
      • The procedural deficit hypothesis
    • Treatment Options
      • Direct imitation
      • Targeted elicitation
      • Conversational recast
      • Interactive book reading
    • Conclusions and Open Questions
    • Test Yourself
  • 15 LANGUAGE AND AUTISM
    • How Is Autism Diagnosed?
    • Do Chidren with Autism Get Better?
    • Profile of Language Disorders in Autism
    • Word Learning in Autism
    • Comprehension Problems
    • Nonliteral Language Problems
    • Pragmatic Deficits in Autism
    • Causes of Autism: Genetic Contributions
    • Neural Hypothesis of Autism: “It Starts Early”
    • Neuroinflammation Hypothesis
    • Minicolumn Hypothesis
    • Connectivity Hypothesis: Especially the Hyper/Hypo Connectivity Variant
    • The Left Hemisphere Hypothesis
    • Mirror Neuron Hypothesis: The “Broken Mirror” Hypothesis
    • The Broken Mirror Hypothesis Is Broken
    • Cognitive Theories of Autism
      • Theory of mind hypothesis
      • The weak central coherence account
    • Treatments for Autism
    • Evidence-based Practices
      • Intensive behavioral interventions
    • Experimental Treatments
      • Neurofeedback
      • Theory of mind training
      • Facial recognition training
      • Treatments based on emerging technology
    • Diet
    • Ineffective or Harmful Treatments
    • Facilitated Communication
      • Sensory integration treatment and pressure vests
      • Attachment therapy (aka holding therapy)
    • Summary and Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
  • 16 LANGUAGE DYSFUNCTION AND SCHIZOPHRENIA
    • Causes of Schizophrenia
      • Developmental factors
    • Whistling Past the Graveyard: Neural Abnormalities in Schizophrenia
      • Differences in connectivity between brain regions
    • Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
    • Language Deficits in Schizophrenia
      • Failure of core language systems
      • Failure in semantic memory systems
      • The dual streams hypothesis
    • Generalized Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
    • Cascading Failure
      • Attention problems in schizophrenia
      • Failure of working memory systems
      • The context maintenance account
    • Failure of Theory of Mind Processes
    • Shut Up and Get Out of Here: Self-Monitoring, Corollary Discharge, and Auditory Hallucinations
    • Haunted by the Balloon Folk: Language and Delusions
    • Conclusions
    • Test Yourself
• Index
• End User License Agreement

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