Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Contents
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Foreword
• Acknowledgements
• Part I: The Raw Materials
  • 1 Introduction
    • Why train?
    • What are the aims of a training programme?
    • Exercise, work, training, fitness and performance
  • 2 Energetics of exercise
    • Introduction
    • The resting horse
    • The energy for muscle contraction
    • The conversion of food into useful energy for exercise
    • Energy pathways
    • Energy partitioning
    • Size of the fuel stores
    • Running out of energy
  • 3 Muscles
    • Introducing skeletal muscle
    • Inside the muscle cell
    • How does the nerve impulse make the muscle contract?
    • Properties of muscular activity
    • Muscle fibre types and distribution
    • Type I fibres (red endurance muscle)
    • Type II fibres (white sprint muscle)
    • Muscle capillary supply
    • Muscle fibre recruitment
    • Distribution of muscle fibre types
  • 4 Connective tissue
    • Tendons and ligaments
    • Bones
  • 5 The respiratory system
    • Respiration, breathing, ventilation
    • Anatomy of the respiratory system
    • How much air goes in and out?
    • What makes the air go in and out of the lung?
    • Pleural membranes
    • Ventilation–perfusion matching and mismatching
    • How easy is it to inflate the lungs?
    • Getting gases across the alveolar–capillary membrane
  • 6 The cardiovascular system
    • Types of blood vessel
    • The heart as a pump
    • Cardiac output
    • Electrical conduction through the heart
    • The cardiac cycle
    • The electrocardiogram (ECG)
    • Control of blood flow
    • Control of blood pressure
    • The composition of blood
    • Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
    • Haematology and clinical biochemistry
• Part II: Exercise and Training Responses
  • 7 Muscular responses
    • The muscular response to exercise
    • The muscular response to training
    • How long does it all take?
    • How long does it all last?
  • 8 Skeletal responses
    • Mechanical properties of bone
    • The influence of exercise on modelling and remodelling
    • The responses of bone to training
    • Training bone in practical terms
    • Responses of cartilage to training
    • Responses of tendons to training
  • 9 Respiratory responses
    • The oxygen pathway
    • Ventilation
    • Respiratory–locomotory coupling
    • Alveolar ventilation
    • Is respiratory–locomotory coupling over-rated?
    • Pulmonary resistance
    • The struggle to breathe
    • The work of breathing
    • Exercise-induced arterial hypoxaemia
    • Respiratory response to training
  • 10 Cardiovascular responses
    • The heart in exercise and performance
    • Maximal oxygen uptake
    • Splenic reserves
    • Blood pressure during exercise
    • Matching oxygen demand and supply
    • The cardiovascular response to training
  • 11 Aspects of physiological stress and fatigue
    • Stress
  • 12 Thermoregulation
    • Replacing fluid losses
    • Replacing electrolyte losses
    • Assessing environmental thermal stress
    • Acclimatisation and acclimation
    • Management of competitions in thermally stressful environments
    • Thermoregulation in the cold
  • 13 Introduction to biomechanics
    • Studying the gaits
    • Kinetics and force plates
    • Studying kinematics
    • Stride length and stride frequency
    • The gaits
    • Gallop
    • Gait transitions
    • The rider
    • Energy cost
    • The jump stride
    • Spinal kinematics and back problems
    • Bow and string theory
• Part III: Applications of Exercise Physiology
  • 14 The demands of equestrian sport
    • Eventing
    • Endurance
    • Racing
    • Showjumping
    • Polo
  • 15 Training principles
    • Horses are natural athletes
    • Training objectives
    • Training specificity
    • Identify the challenge
    • Training intensity, frequency, duration and volume
    • Tapering for peak performance
    • Overtraining
    • Detraining
  • 16 Training facilities
    • Training and racing surfaces
    • Hoof–surface interaction
    • Treadmills
    • Swimming pools
    • Water treadmills
  • 17 Practical training
    • How fit does the horse need to be?
    • How long will it take?
    • Can you bring all the systems to a peak at once?
    • How do I construct a training programme?
    • How should interval training be carried out?
    • Learning to ride at a set speed
    • How hard should the horse work and how soon should I increase the intensity?
    • Load carried
    • Ideal body condition
    • How long can you keep a horse at a peak?
    • What do you do if the horse has an enforced lay-off?
    • Keeping athletes on the road
  • 18 Exercise testing
    • Why would you want to use an exercise test?
    • Standardisation and specificity
    • Examples of field exercise tests
    • Fitting a heart rate monitor
    • Simple field tests using a heart rate monitor
    • Treadmill testing
    • Comparison of overland versus treadmill exercise
    • Types of treadmill test
    • What can you measure on a horse exercising on a treadmill?
  • 19 Indicators of performance
    • What is performance testing?
    • Which is best – field tests or treadmill tests?
    • The effect of training on indicators of performance
    • Biomechanical indicators of performance
    • Poor performance and loss of performance investigation
  • 20 Feeding performance horses
    • What do we want from a feed ration?
    • Water – the most important ingredient
    • Water and electrolytes
    • Meeting total daily energy requirements
    • Quick release and slow release of energy
    • Monitoring body mass and condition
    • Minerals for performance horses
    • Herbal supplements
    • Miscellaneous supplements
    • Drugs and performance
  • 21 Transport
    • What happens to a horse during transport?
    • Weight loss during transport
    • Recovery following transport
    • Recommendations for preparation, transport and acclimatisation for the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games
• References
• Further Reading
• Index

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