Efnisyfirlit

• Cover Image
• Table of Contents
• Front Matter
• Copyright
• Preface
• Chapter 1. Introduction to Descriptive Physical Oceanography
  • 1.1. Overview
  • 1.2. Space and TimeScales of Physical Oceanographic Phenomena
• Chapter 2. Ocean Dimensions, Shapes, and Bottom Materials
  • 2.1. Dimensions
  • 2.2. Plate Tectonics and Deep-Sea Topography
  • 2.3. Seafloor Features
  • 2.4. Spatial Scales
  • 2.5. Shore, Coast, and Beach
  • 2.6. Continental Shelf, Slope, and Rise
  • 2.7. Deep Ocean
  • 2.8. Sills, Straits, and Passages
  • 2.9. Methods for Mapping Bottom Topography
  • 2.10. Bottom Material
  • 2.11. Ocean Basins
• Chapter 3. Physical Properties of Seawater
  • 3.1. Molecular Properties of Water
  • 3.2. Pressure
  • 3.3. Thermal Properties of Seawater: Temperature, Heat, and Potential Temperature
  • 3.4. Salinity and Conductivity
  • 3.5. Density of Seawater
  • 3.6. Tracers
  • 3.7. Sound in the Sea
  • 3.8. Light and the Sea
  • 3.9. Ice in the Sea
• Chapter 4. Typical Distributions of Water Characteristics
  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Temperature Distribution of the Oceans
  • 4.3. Salinity Distribution
  • 4.4. Density Distribution
  • 4.5. Dissolved Oxygen
  • 4.6. Nutrients and Other Tracers
  • 4.7. Age, Turnover Time, and Ventilation Rate
  • 4.8. Optical Properties of Seawater
• Chapter 5. Mass, Salt, and Heat Budgets and Wind Forcing
  • 5.1. Conservation of Volume and Mass
  • 5.2. Conservation of Salt
  • 5.3. Three Examples of the two Conservation Principles
  • 5.4. Conservation of Heat Energy; the Heat Budget
  • 5.5. Geographic Distribution and Temporal Variation of the Heat-Budget Terms
  • 5.6. Meridional Heat Transport
  • 5.7. Buoyancy Fluxes
  • 5.8. Wind Forcing
• Chapter 6. Data Analysis Concepts and Observational Methods
  • 6.1. Oceanographic Sampling
  • 6.2. Observational Error
  • 6.3. Basic Statistical Concepts
  • 6.4. Variation in Space: Profiles, Vertical Sections, and Horizontal Maps
  • 6.5. Variation in Time
  • 6.6. Multidimensional Sampling
  • 6.7. Water Property (Water Mass) Analyses
• Chapter 7. Dynamical Processes for Descriptive Ocean Circulation
  • 7.1. Introduction: Mechanisms
  • 7.2. Momentum Balance
  • 7.3. Temperature, Salinity, and Density Evolution
  • 7.4. Mixing Layers
  • 7.5. Response to Wind Forcing
  • 7.6. Geostrophic Balance
  • 7.7. Vorticity, Potential Vorticity, Rossby and Kelvin Waves, and Instabilities
  • 7.8. Wind-Driven Circulation: Sverdrup Balance and Western Boundary Currents
  • 7.9. Wind-Driven Circulation: Eastern Boundary Currents and Equatorial Circulation
  • 7.10. Buoyancy (Thermohaline) Forcing and Abyssal Circulation
• Chapter 8. Gravity Waves, Tides, and Coastal Oceanography
  • 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.2. General Properties of Waves
  • 8.3. Surface Gravity Waves
  • 8.4. Internal Gravity Waves
  • 8.5. Large-Scale Continental Shelf and Coastal-Trapped Waves
  • 8.6. Tides
  • 8.7. Water Properties in Coastal Regions: River Runoff
  • 8.8. Estuaries
  • 8.9. Coral Reefs
  • 8.10. Adjacent Seas
• Chapter 9. Atlantic Ocean
  • 9.1. Introduction and Overview
  • 9.2. Forcing
  • 9.3. North Atlantic Circulation
  • 9.4. Tropical Atlantic Circulation
  • 9.5. South Atlantic Circulation
  • 9.6. Depth Dependence of the Atlantic Ocean Circulation
  • 9.7. Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Atlantic
  • 9.8. Atlantic Ocean Water Masses
  • 9.9. Climate and the Atlantic Ocean
• Chapter 10. Pacific Ocean
  • 10.1. Introduction and Overview
  • 10.2. Wind and Buoyancy Forcing
  • 10.3. North Pacific Circulation
  • 10.4. South Pacific Circulation
  • 10.5. Pacific Ocean Mesoscale Eddy Variability
  • 10.6. Depth Dependence of the Pacific Ocean Circulation and Meridional Overturn
  • 10.7. Tropical Pacific Circulation and Water Properties
  • 10.8. El Niño/ La Niña and The Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
  • 10.9. Pacific Ocean Water Masses
  • 10.10. Decadal Climate Variability and Climate Change
• Chapter 11. Indian Ocean
  • 11.1. Introduction and Overview
  • 11.2. Wind and Buoyancy Forcing
  • 11.3. Monsoonal and Tropical Ocean Circulation
  • 11.4. South Indian Ocean Subtropical Circulation
  • 11.5. Indonesian Throughflow
  • 11.6. Red Sea and Persian Gulf Outflows
  • 11.7. Intermediate and Deep Circulation
  • 11.8. Water Masses
  • 11.9. Climate and the Indian Ocean
• Chapter 12. Arctic Ocean and Nordic Seas
  • 12.1. Introduction
  • 12.2. The Nordic Seas
  • 12.3. Baffin Bay and Hudson Bay
  • 12.4. Arctic Ocean: Circulation and Ice Drift
  • 12.5. Arctic Ocean Water Masses
  • 12.6. Arctic Ocean Transports and Budgets
  • 12.7. Sea Ice in the Arctic
  • 12.8. Climate Variations and the Arctic
• Chapter 13. Southern Ocean
  • 13.1. Introduction
  • 13.2. Forcing
  • 13.3. Southern Ocean Fronts and Zones
  • 13.4. Southern Ocean Circulation and Transports
  • 13.5. Southern Ocean Water Masses
  • 13.6. Eddies in the Southern Ocean
  • 13.7. Sea Ice in the Southern Ocean
  • 13.8. Climate Variability in the Southern Ocean
• Chapter 14. Global Circulation and Water Properties
  • 14.1. Global Circulation
  • 14.2. Global Mass Transports and Overturning Circulation
  • 14.3. Heat and Freshwater Transports and Ocean Circulation
  • 14.4. Global Property Distributions
  • 14.5. Eddy Variability and Diffusivity
  • 14.6. Climate and the Global Ocean
• Chapter S1. Brief History of Physical Oceanography
  • S1.1. Scientists on Ships
  • S1.2. Organized Expeditions Prior to the Twentieth Century
  • S1.3. Scandinavian Contributions and the Dynamic Method
  • S1.4. The Meteor Expedition
  • S1.5. World War II and Mid-Twentieth Century Physical Oceanography
  • S1.6. A Brief History of Numerical Modeling in Physical Oceanography
• Chapter S4. Typical Distributions of Water Characteristics
• Chapter S5. Mass, Salt, and Heat Budgets and Wind Forcing
• Chapter S6. Data Analysis Concepts and Observational Methods
• Chapter S7. Dynamical Processes for Descriptive Ocean Circulation
  • 7.1. Introduction: Mechanisms
  • 7.2. Momentum Balance
  • 7.3. Temperature, Salinity, and Density Evolution
  • 7.4. Mixing Layers
  • 7.5. Response to Wind Forcing
  • 7.6. Geostrophic Balance
  • 7.7. Vorticity, Potential Vorticity, Rossby and Kelvin Waves, and Instabilities
  • 7.8. Wind-Driven Circulation: Sverdrup Balance and Western Boundary Currents
  • 7.9. Wind-Driven Circulation: Eastern Boundary Currents and Equatorial Circulation
  • 7.10. Buoyancy (Thermohaline) Forcing and Abyssal Circulation
• Chapter S8. Gravity Waves, Tides, and Coastal Oceanography
  • S8.7. Water Properties in Coastal Regions: River Runoff
  • S8.8. Estuaries
  • S8.9. Coral Reefs
  • S8.10. Adjacent Seas
• Chapter S9. Atlantic Ocean
• Chapter S10. Pacific Ocean
• Chapter S11. Indian Ocean: Supplementary Materials
• Chapter S12. The Arctic Ocean and Nordic Seas
• Chapter S13. Southern Ocean
• Chapter S14. Global Circulation and Water Properties
• Chapter S15. Climate and the Oceans
  • S15.1. Introduction
  • S15.2. Climate and the Atlantic Ocean
  • S15.3. Climate and the Pacific Ocean
  • S15.4. Climate and the Indian Ocean
  • S15.5. Climate and the Arctic Ocean
  • S15.6. Climate and the Southern Ocean
  • S15.7. Global Ocean Climate Change
• Chapter S16. Instruments and Methods
  • S16.1. The Impact of Space and Timescales on Sampling and Instrumentation
  • S16.2. Platforms
  • S16.3. Depth and Pressure Measurements
  • S16.4. Water Property Measurements (Temperature, Salinity, Density, and Tracers)
  • S16.5. Current Measurements
  • S16.6. Acoustic Methods for Observing Changes in Temperature or Density
  • S16.7. Sea-Level Measurement
  • S16.8. Radiation and Optical Measurements
  • S16.9. Satellites
  • s16.10. Data Archives and Data Centers
• References
• Color Plates
• Index
• Added Refs from Supplemental Material

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