Efnisyfirlit

• Table of Contents and Preface
  • Cover Page
  • Title Page
    • Jason Overby
  • Copyright
  • About the Author
  • Contents in Brief
  • Contents
    • Measurement and the Properties of Matter 1
    • Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 40
    • Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions 79
    • Reactions in Aqueous Solutions 124
    • Gases 175
    • Thermochemistry 230
    • Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms 273
    • Periodic Relationships Among the Elements 328
    • Compounds and Bonding 370
    • Structure and Bonding Theories 418
    • Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids 470
    • Physical Properties of Solutions 527
    • Chemical Kinetics 567
    • Chemical Equilibrium 629
    • Acids and Bases 672
    • Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria 725
    • Entropy, Gibbs Energy, and Equilibrium 777
    • Electrochemistry 815
    • Nuclear Chemistry 863
    • Chemistry in the Atmosphere 904
    • Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals 934
    • Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds 963
    • Coordination Chemistry 1001
    • Organic Chemistry 1030
    • Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers 1062
  • List of Applications
    • Chemistry in Action
    • Chemical Mystery (digital only)
  • List of Videos
  • Preface
    • ALEKS Data Parity with Chemistry, 15th Edition
    • Learning Objectives and Summary of Concepts and Facts
    • Student Hot Spots
    • Chapter Summary
    • Art Program and Design
    • Problem Solving
    • Visualization
    • Study Aids
    • Real-Life Relevance
  • ALEKS
  • Instructor and Student Resources
    • McGraw Hill Create™
    • Student Solutions Manual
  • Acknowledgments
  • A Note to the Student
• Chapter 1: Measurement and the Properties of Matter
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 1.1 Chemistry: The Study of a Science for the Twenty-First Century
  • 1.2 The Scientific Method
  • 1.3 Measurement
    • SI Units
    • Length
    • Mass and Weight
    • Volume
    • Density
    • Temperature Scales
  • 1.4 Handling Numbers
    • Scientific Notation
    • Significant Figures
    • Accuracy and Precision
  • 1.5 Dimensional Analysis in Solving Problems
    • A Note on Problem Solving
  • 1.6 Real-World Problem Solving: Information, Assumptions, and Simplifications
  • 1.7 Classifications of Matter
    • Substances and Mixtures
    • Elements and Compounds
  • 1.8 The Three Common States of Matter
  • 1.9 Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 2: Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
  • Chapter 2 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 2.1 The Atomic Theory
  • 2.2 The Structure of the Atom
    • The Electron
    • Radioactivity
    • The Proton and the Nucleus
    • The Neutron
  • 2.3 Atomic Number, Mass Number, and Isotopes
  • 2.4 The Periodic Table
  • 2.5 Molecules and Ions
    • Molecules
    • Ions
  • 2.6 Chemical Formulas
    • Molecular Formulas
    • Empirical Formulas
    • Formula of Ionic Compounds
  • 2.7 Naming Compounds
    • Ionic Compounds
    • Molecular Compounds
    • Acids and Bases
    • Hydrates
    • Familiar Inorganic Compounds
  • 2.8 Introduction to Organic Compounds
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equation
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 3: Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
  • Chapter 3 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 3.1 Atomic Mass
    • Average Atomic Mass
  • 3.2 Avogadro’s Number and the Molar Mass of an Element
  • 3.3 Molecular Mass
  • 3.4 The Mass Spectrometer
  • 3.5 Percent Composition of Compounds
  • 3.6 Experimental Determination of Empirical Formulas
    • Determination of Molecular Formulas
  • 3.7 Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations
    • Writing Chemical Equations
    • Balancing Chemical Equations
  • 3.8 Amounts of Reactants and Products
  • 3.9 Limiting Reactants
  • 3.10 Reaction Yield and Atom Economy
    • Atom Economy
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 4: Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
  • Chapter 4 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions
    • Electrolytic Properties
  • 4.2 Precipitation Reactions
    • Solubility
    • Molecular Equations, Ionic Equations, and Net Ionic Equations
  • 4.3 Acid-Base Reactions
    • General Properties of Acids and Bases
    • Brønsted Acids and Bases
    • Acid-Base Neutralization
    • Acid-Base Reactions Leading to Gas Formation
  • 4.4 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
    • Oxidation Number
    • Types of Redox Reactions
  • 4.5 Concentration of Solutions
    • Dilution of Solutions
  • 4.6 Gravimetric Analysis
  • 4.7 Titrations
    • Acid-Base Titrations
    • Redox Titrations
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 5: Gases
  • Chapter 5 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 5.1 Substances That Exist as Gases
  • 5.2 Pressure of a Gas
    • SI Units of Pressure
    • Atmospheric Pressure
  • 5.3 The Gas Laws
    • The Pressure-Volume Relationship: Boyle’s Law
    • The Temperature-Volume Relationship: Charles’s and Gay-Lussac’s Law
    • The Volume-Amount Relationship: Avogadro’s Law
  • 5.4 The Ideal Gas Equation
    • Density Calculations
    • The Molar Mass of a Gaseous Substance
  • 5.5 Gas Stoichiometry
  • 5.6 Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
  • 5.7 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
    • Application to the Gas Laws
    • Distribution of Molecular Speeds
    • Root-Mean-Square Speed
    • Gas Diffusion and Effusion
  • 5.8 Deviation from Ideal Behavior
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 6: Thermochemistry
  • Chapter 6 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 6.1 The Nature of Energy and Types of Energy
    • Forms of Energy
  • 6.2 Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
  • 6.3 Introduction to Thermodynamics
    • The First Law of Thermodynamics
    • Work and Heat
  • 6.4 Enthalpy of Chemical Reactions
    • Enthalpy
    • Enthalpy of Reactions
    • Thermochemical Equations
    • A Comparison of Δ H and Δ U
  • 6.5 Calorimetry
    • Specific Heat and Heat Capacity
    • Constant-Volume Calorimetry
    • Constant-Pressure Calorimetry
  • 6.6 Standard Enthalpy of Formation and Reaction
    • The Direct Method
    • The Indirect Method
  • 6.7 Heat of Solution and Dilution
    • Heat of Solution
    • Heat of Dilution
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 7: Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms
  • Chapter 7 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 7.1 From Classical Physics to Quantum Theory
    • Properties of Waves
    • Electromagnetic Radiation
    • The Double Slit Experiment
    • Planck’s Quantum Theory
  • 7.2 The Photoelectric Effect
  • 7.3 Bohr’s Theory of the Hydrogen Atom
    • Emission Spectra
    • Emission Spectrum of the Hydrogen Atom
  • 7.4 The Dual Nature of the Electron
  • 7.5 Quantum Mechanics
    • The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
    • The Schrödinger Equation
    • The Quantum Mechanical Description of the Hydrogen Atom
  • 7.6 Quantum Numbers
    • The Principal Quantum Number (n)
    • The Angular Momentum Quantum Number ( ℓ )
    • The Magnetic Quantum Number ( m ℓ )
    • The Electron Spin Quantum Number ( m s )
  • 7.7 Atomic Orbitals
    • s Orbitals
    • p Orbitals
    • d Orbitals and Other Higher-Energy Orbitals
    • The Energies of Orbitals
  • 7.8 Electron Configuration
    • The Pauli Exclusion Principle
    • Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism
    • The Shielding Effect in Many-Electron Atoms
    • Hund’s Rule
    • General Rules for Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals
  • 7.9 The Building-Up Principle
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 8: Periodic Relationships Among the Elements
  • Chapter 8 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 8.1 Development of the Periodic Table
  • 8.2 Periodic Classification of the Elements
    • Representing Free Elements in Chemical Equations
    • Electron Configurations of Cations and Anions
  • 8.3 Periodic Variation in Physical Properties
    • Effective Nuclear Charge
    • Atomic Radius
    • Ionic Radius
    • Variation of Physical Properties Across a Period and Within a Group
  • 8.4 Ionization Energy
  • 8.5 Electron Affinity
  • 8.6 Variation in Chemical Properties of the Representative Elements
    • General Trends in Chemical Properties
    • Comparison of Group 1 and Group 11 Elements
    • Properties of Oxides Across a Period
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equation
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 9: Compounds and Bonding
  • Chapter 9 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 9.1 Lewis Dot Symbols
  • 9.2 The Ionic Bond
  • 9.3 Lattice Energy of Ionic Compounds
    • Lattice Energy
    • The Born-Haber Cycle for Determining Lattice Energies
    • Lattice Energy and the Formulas of Ionic Compounds
  • 9.4 The Covalent Bond
    • Comparison of the Properties of Covalent and Ionic Compounds
  • 9.5 Electronegativity
    • Electronegativity and Oxidation Number
  • 9.6 Writing Lewis Structures
  • 9.7 Formal Charge and Lewis Structure
  • 9.8 The Concept of Resonance
  • 9.9 Exceptions to the Octet Rule
    • The Incomplete Octet
    • Odd-Electron Molecules
    • The Expanded Octet
  • 9.10 Bond Enthalpy
    • Use of Bond Enthalpies in Thermochemistry
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equation
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 10: Structure and Bonding Theories
  • Chapter 10 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 10.1 Molecular Geometry
    • Molecules in Which the Central Atom Has No Lone Pairs
    • Molecules in Which the Central Atom Has One or More Lone Pairs
    • Geometry of Molecules with More Than One Central Atom
    • Guidelines for Applying the VSEPR Model
  • 10.2 Dipole Moments
  • 10.3 Valence Bond Theory
  • 10.4 Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals
    • sp 3 Hybridization
    • sp 2 Hybridization
    • sp Hybridization
    • Procedure for Hybridizing Atomic Orbitals
    • Hybridization of s, p, and d Orbitals
  • 10.5 Hybridization in Molecules Containing Double and Triple Bonds
  • 10.6 Molecular Orbital Theory
    • Bonding and Antibonding Molecular Orbitals
  • 10.7 Molecular Orbital Configurations
    • Rules Governing Molecular Electron Configuration and Stability
    • Hydrogen and Helium Molecules
    • Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules of Second-Period Elements
    • The Lithium Molecule ( Li 2 )
    • The Carbon Molecule ( C 2 )
    • The Oxygen Molecule ( O 2 )
  • 10.8 Delocalized Molecular Orbitals
    • The Benzene Molecule
    • The Carbonate Ion
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
  • Chapter 11 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 11.1 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Liquids and Solids
  • 11.2 Intermolecular Forces
    • Dipole-Dipole Forces
    • Ion-Dipole Forces
    • Dispersion Forces
    • The Hydrogen Bond
  • 11.3 Properties of Liquids
    • Surface Tension
    • Viscosity
    • The Structure and Properties of Water
  • 11.4 Crystal Structure
    • Packing Spheres
    • Closest Packing
  • 11.5 X-Ray Diffraction by Crystals
  • 11.6 Types of Crystals
    • Ionic Crystals
    • Covalent Crystals
    • Molecular Crystals
    • Metallic Crystals
  • 11.7 Amorphous Solids
  • 11.8 Phase Changes
    • Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium
    • Molar Heat of Vaporization and Boiling Point
    • Liquid-Solid Equilibrium
    • Solid-Vapor Equilibrium
  • 11.9 Phase Diagrams
    • Water
    • Carbon Dioxide
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 12: Physical Properties of Solutions
  • Chapter 12 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 12.1 Types of Solutions
  • 12.2 A Molecular View of the Solution Process
  • 12.3 Concentration Units
    • Types of Concentration Units
    • Comparison of Concentration Units
  • 12.4 The Effect of Temperature on Solubility
    • Solid Solubility and Temperature
    • Gas Solubility and Temperature
  • 12.5 The Effect of Pressure on the Solubility of Gases
  • 12.6 Colligative Properties of Nonelectrolyte Solutions
    • Vapor-Pressure Lowering
    • Boiling-Point Elevation
    • Freezing-Point Depression
    • Osmotic Pressure
    • Using Colligative Properties to Determine Molar Mass
  • 12.7 Colligative Properties of Electrolyte Solutions
  • 12.8 Colloids
    • Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Colloids
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 13: Chemical Kinetics
  • Chapter 13 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 13.1 The Rate of a Reaction
    • Reaction of Molecular Bromine and Formic Acid
    • Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide
    • Reaction Rates and Stoichiometry
  • 13.2 Rate Laws
  • 13.3 The Relation Between Reactant Concentration and Time
    • First-Order Reactions
    • Second-Order Reactions
    • Zero-Order Reactions
  • 13.4 Activation Energy and Temperature Dependence of Rate Constants
    • The Collision Theory of Chemical Kinetics
    • The Arrhenius Equation
  • 13.5 Reaction Mechanisms
    • Rate Laws and Elementary Steps
    • Experimental Support for Reaction Mechanisms
  • 13.6 Catalysis
    • Heterogeneous Catalysis
    • Homogeneous Catalysis
    • Enzyme Catalysis
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 14: Chemical Equilibrium
  • Chapter 14 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 14.1 The Concept of Equilibrium and the Equilibrium Constant
    • The Equilibrium Constant
  • 14.2 Writing Equilibrium Constant Expressions
    • Homogeneous Equilibria
    • Equilibrium Constant and Units
    • Heterogeneous Equilibria
    • Multiple Equilibria
    • The Form of K and the Equilibrium Equation
    • Summary of Guidelines for Writing Equilibrium Constant Expressions
  • 14.3 The Relationship Between Chemical Kinetics and Chemical Equilibrium
  • 14.4 What Does the Equilibrium Constant Tell Us?
    • Predicting the Direction of a Reaction
    • Calculating Equilibrium Concentrations
  • 14.5 Factors That Affect Chemical Equilibrium
    • Le Châtelier’s Principle
    • Changes in Concentration
    • Changes in Volume and Pressure
    • Changes in Temperature
    • The Effect of a Catalyst
    • Summary of Factors That May Affect the Equilibrium Position
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 15: Acids and Bases
  • Chapter 15 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 15.1 Brønsted Acids and Bases
  • 15.2 The Acid-Base Properties of Water
    • The Ion Product of Water
  • 15.3 pH─A Measure of Acidity
  • 15.4 Strength of Acids and Bases
  • 15.5 Weak Acids and Acid Ionization Constants
    • The Quadratic Equation
    • Percent Ionization
  • 15.6 Weak Bases and Base Ionization Constants
  • 15.7 The Relationship Between the Ionization Constants of Acids and Their Conjugate Bases
  • 15.8 Diprotic and Polyprotic Acids
  • 15.9 Molecular Structure and the Strength of Acids
    • Hydrohalic Acids
    • Oxoacids
    • Carboxylic Acids
  • 15.10 Acid-Base Properties of Salts
    • Salts That Produce Neutral Solutions
    • Salts That Produce Basic Solutions
    • Salts That Produce Acidic Solutions
    • Salts in Which Both the Cation and the Anion Hydrolyze
  • 15.11 Acid-Base Properties of Oxides and Hydroxides
    • Basic and Amphoteric Hydroxides
  • 15.12 Lewis Acids and Bases
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 16: Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria
  • Chapter 16 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 16.1 The Common Ion Effect
  • 16.2 Buffer Solutions
    • Preparing a Buffer Solution with a Specific pH
  • 16.3 Acid-Base Titrations
    • Strong Acid–Strong Base Titrations
    • Weak Acid–Strong Base Titrations
    • Strong Acid–Weak Base Titrations
  • 16.4 Acid-Base Indicators
  • 16.5 Solubility Equilibria
    • Solubility Product
    • Molar Solubility and Solubility
    • Predicting Precipitation Reactions
  • 16.6 Separation of Ions by Fractional Precipitation
  • 16.7 Factors Affecting Solubility
    • The Common Ion Effect and Solubility
    • pH and Solubility
    • Complex Ion Equilibria and Solubility
  • 16.8 Solubility and Qualitative Analysis
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 17: Entropy, Gibbs Energy, and Equilibrium
  • Chapter 17 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 17.1 Spontaneous Processes
  • 17.2 Entropy
    • Quantitative Description of Entropy
    • Changes in Entropy
    • Standard Entropy
  • 17.3 The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
    • Entropy Changes in the System
    • Entropy Changes in the Surroundings
    • The Third Law of Thermodynamics and Absolute Entropy
  • 17.4 Gibbs Energy
    • Standard Gibbs-Energy Changes
    • Temperature Dependence of Δ G
  • 17.5 Gibbs Energy and Chemical Equilibrium
  • 17.6 Thermodynamics in Living Systems
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 18: Electrochemistry
  • Chapter 18 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 18.1 Redox Reactions
    • Balancing Redox Equations
  • 18.2 Galvanic Cells
  • 18.3 Standard Reduction Potentials
  • 18.4 Thermodynamics of Redox Reactions
  • 18.5 The Effect of Concentration on Cell Emf
    • The Nernst Equation
    • Concentration Cells
  • 18.6 Batteries and Fuel Cells
    • The Dry Cell Battery
    • The Mercury Battery
    • The Lead Storage Battery
    • The Lithium-Ion Battery
    • Fuel Cells
  • 18.7 Corrosion
  • 18.8 Electrolysis
    • Electrolysis of Molten Sodium Chloride
    • Electrolysis of Water
    • Electrolysis of an Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solution
    • Quantitative Aspects of Electrolysis
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 19: Nuclear Chemistry
  • Chapter 19 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 19.1 The Nature of Nuclear Reactions
    • Balancing Nuclear Equations
  • 19.2 Nuclear Stability
    • Nuclear Binding Energy
  • 19.3 Natural Radioactivity
    • Kinetics of Radioactive Decay
    • Dating Based on Radioactive Decay
  • 19.4 Nuclear Transmutation
    • Particle Accelerator
    • The Transuranium Elements
  • 19.5 Nuclear Fission
    • The Atomic Bomb
    • Nuclear Reactors
  • 19.6 Nuclear Fusion
    • Fusion Reactors
    • The Hydrogen Bomb
  • 19.7 Uses of Isotopes
    • Structural Determination
    • Study of Photosynthesis
    • Isotopes in Medicine
  • 19.8 Biological Effects of Radiation
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equations
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 20: Chemistry in the Atmosphere
  • Chapter 20 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 20.1 Earth’s Atmosphere
  • 20.2 Phenomena in the Outer Layers of the Atmosphere
    • Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis
    • The Mystery Glow of Space Shuttles
  • 20.3 Depletion of Ozone in the Stratosphere
    • Polar Ozone Holes
  • 20.4 Volcanoes
  • 20.5 The Greenhouse Effect
  • 20.6 Acid Rain
  • 20.7 Photochemical Smog
  • 20.8 Indoor Pollution
    • The Risk from Radon
    • Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide
    • Formaldehyde
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 21: Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals
  • Chapter 21 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 21.1 Occurrence of Metals
  • 21.2 Metallurgical Processes
    • Preparation of the Ore
    • Production of Metals
    • The Metallurgy of Iron
    • Steelmaking
    • Purification of Metals
  • 21.3 Band Theory of Electrical Conductivity
    • Conductors
    • Semiconductors
  • 21.4 Periodic Trends in Metallic Properties
  • 21.5 The Alkali Metals
  • 21.6 The Alkaline Earth Metals
    • Magnesium
    • Calcium
  • 21.7 Aluminum
  • 21.8 Iron and Copper
    • Iron
    • Copper
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 22: Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds
  • Chapter 22 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 22.1 General Properties of Nonmetals
  • 22.2 Hydrogen
    • Binary Hydrides
    • Isotopes of Hydrogen
    • Hydrogenation
    • The Hydrogen Economy
  • 22.3 Carbon
  • 22.4 Nitrogen and Phosphorus
    • Nitrogen
    • Phosphorus
  • 22.5 Oxygen and Sulfur
    • Oxygen
    • Sulfur
  • 22.6 The Halogens
    • Preparation and General Properties of the Halogens
    • Compounds of the Halogens
    • Uses of the Halogens
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
• Chapter 23: Coordination Chemistry
  • Chapter 23 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 23.1 Properties of the Transition Metals
    • General Physical Properties
    • Electron Configurations
    • Oxidation States
  • 23.2 Coordination Compounds
    • Oxidation Numbers of Metals in Coordination Compounds
    • Naming Coordination Compounds
  • 23.3 Structure of Coordination Compounds
    • Geometric Isomers
    • Optical Isomers
  • 23.4 Bonding in Coordination Compounds: Crystal Field Theory
    • Crystal Field Splitting in Octahedral Complexes
    • Color
    • Magnetic Properties
    • Tetrahedral and Square-Planar Complexes
  • 23.5 Reactions of Coordination Compounds
  • 23.6 Applications of Coordination Compounds
    • Metallurgy
    • Therapeutic Chelating Agents
    • Chemical Analysis
    • Detergents
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Equation
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 24: Organic Chemistry
  • Chapter 24 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 24.1 Classes of Organic Compounds
  • 24.2 Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
    • Alkanes
    • Reactions of Alkanes
    • Optical Isomerism of Substituted Alkanes
    • Cycloalkanes
    • Alkenes
    • Alkynes
  • 24.3 Aromatic Hydrocarbons
    • Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds
    • Properties and Reactions of Aromatic Compounds
  • 24.4 Chemistry of the Functional Groups
    • Alcohols
    • Ethers
    • Aldehydes and Ketones
    • Carboxylic Acids
    • Esters
    • Amines
    • Summary of Functional Groups
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Answers to Practice Exercises
    • Answers to Review of Concepts & Facts
• Chapter 25: Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers
  • Chapter 25 Introduction
    • Chapter Outline
  • 25.1 Properties of Polymers
  • 25.2 Synthetic Organic Polymers
    • Addition Reactions
    • Condensation Reactions
  • 25.3 Proteins
    • Amino Acids
    • Protein Structure
  • 25.4 Nucleic Acids
  • Chapter Summary
    • Chapter Summary
    • Key Words
  • Questions & Problems
    • Interpreting, Modeling, & Estimating
• Appendices
  • Periodic Table
  • Appendix 1: Units for the Gas Constant
    • Units for the Gas Constant
  • Appendix 2: Thermodynamic Data at 1 atm and 25°C*
    • Thermodynamic Data at 1 atm and 25 ° C *
  • Appendix 3: Dissociation Constants for Weak Acids at 25°C
    • Dissociation Constants for Weak Acids and Bases at 25 ° C
  • Appendix 4: Solubility Product Constants at 25°C
    • Solubility Product Constants at 25 ° C
  • Appendix 5: Mathematical Operations
    • Mathematical Operations
  • Appendix 6: Fundamental Constants, Useful Conversion Factors, and SI Prefixes
    • Fundamental Constants, Useful Conversion Factors, and SI Prefixes
  • Appendix 7: Color Codes for Molecular Models
    • Color Codes for Molecular Models
  • Appendix 8: Tutorial Videos for Select ALEKS Drawing Tools
    • Tutorial Videos for Select ALEKS Drawing Tools
• Glossary
  • Glossary
• Answers to Even-Numbered Problems
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3
  • Chapter 4
  • Chapter 5
  • Chapter 6
  • Chapter 7
  • Chapter 8
  • Chapter 9
  • Chapter 10
  • Chapter 11
  • Chapter 12
  • Chapter 13
  • Chapter 14
  • Chapter 15
  • Chapter 16
  • Chapter 17
  • Chapter 18
  • Chapter 19
  • Chapter 20
  • Chapter 21
  • Chapter 22
  • Chapter 23
  • Chapter 24
  • Chapter 25
• Index
  • Index
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F
    • G
    • H
    • I
    • J
    • K
    • L
    • M
    • N
    • O
    • P
    • Q
    • R
    • S
    • T
    • U
    • V
    • W
    • X
    • Y
    • Z
• Accessibility Content: Text Alternatives for Images
  • Front Cover of the Book Titled Text Alternative (Front Matter)
  • A Page Numbered 24 in Roman Numerals Shows Three Horizontal Sections Text Alternative (Front Matter)
  • A Page Numbered 25 in Roman Numerals Shows Three Horizontal Sections Text Alternative (Front Matter)
  • Figure 1.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Illustration of Data From CERN Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • A 500 Grams Gold Bars Placed One Above the Other Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • A Scale with Inch and Millimeters Marking Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.10(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Four Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes are Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.12a Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.12b Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.12c Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 1.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • A Flame on Top of a Glass Tube on Enlargement Shows Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Four Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes are Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Three States of Matter are Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Three Cylinders Filled with Liquids are Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 1)
  • Figure 2.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Set of Two Discrete Models Represent Composition of Two Compounds Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.4(a-c) Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Three Isotopes of Hydrogen are Hydrogen, Deuterium Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • A Quadrant Cut From a Sphere Shows Internal Layers Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Two Pie Chart Labeled (a) and (b) Represents Natural Abundance Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Four Images are Labeled (a), (b), (c) and (d) Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Some Elements in the Periodic Table are Highlighted Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • The Illustration Shows the H Cl Molecule Dissolved in a Beaker Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Carbonic Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Nitric Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Phosphoric Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Figure 2.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Methane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Ethane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Propane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Butane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Pentane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Hexane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Heptane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Octane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Nonane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Decane Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Methanol Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Methylamine Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Acetic Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Three Boxes are Labeled (a), (b) and (c) Each Contains Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Three Boxes are Labeled (a), (b) and (c) Each Contains Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Glycine C2H5NO2 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Ethanol CH3CH2OH Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Three Space-Filling Models of Compounds are Labeled (a), (b) and (c) Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • The Ball and Stick Models of Four Compounds are Labeled (a), (b), (c) and (d) Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Caffeine Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Acetaminophen Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Three Ball and Stick Models of Compounds NF3 Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Four Space Filling Models of Acids are Labeled (a), (b), (c) and (d) Text Alternative (Chapter 2)
  • Carbon Atomic Number, Atomic Mass and Its Abundance Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Buckminsterfullerene Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Phosphoric Acid H3PO4 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Ascorbic Acid C6H8O6 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Ethanol Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Space Filling Model of Dinitrogen Tetroxide Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • A Test Tube Containing Black Substance Produce Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Ethane Molecule C2H6 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Space Filling Model Shows the Synthesis of NH3 Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Glucose Molecule C6H12O6 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 3.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Urea (NH2) Subscript 2CO Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Four Boxes are Labeled (a), (b), (c) and (d) Having Space Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • A Hip Joint on a Belt and Its Enlarged View Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Two Boxes Containing Various Spheres Labeled A, B, C and D Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Two Boxes Containing Various Spheres Labeled A, B, C and D Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Space Filling Models Shows the Synthesis of Ammonia Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Space Filling Models of CO2 and H2O Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Space Filling Models of H2 and O2 Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Four Boxes are Labeled (a), (b), (c) and (d) Having Space Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Ball and Stick Model Shows Combustion Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Cysteine Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Ball and Stick Model of Isoflurane Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • The Formula of Stearic Acid Having 18 Carbons Text Alternative (Chapter 3)
  • Figure 4.1(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.1(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.1(c) Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of CH3COOH Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Three Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Arrangement Pattern of Calcium and Carbonate Ions Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Ball-and-Stick Structure of H3O Minus Ion Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Three Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.10(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.10(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • A Blank Periodic Table Showing Elements That Can Undergo Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Schematic of a Breathalyzer Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.20(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 4.21(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of H2SO4 Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Four Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Three Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Three Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Four Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Four Sets of Space Filling Models in Boxes Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Two Beakers Equally Filled with Different Solutions Containing Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Two Beakers Equally Filled with Different Solutions Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Three Beakers Equally Filled with Different Solutions Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Two Beakers Equally Filled with Different Solutions Containing Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Four Graphs Labeled (a), (b), (c), and (d) Measure Electrical Conductance Text Alternative (Chapter 4)
  • Figure 5.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.5(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.5(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.5(c) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.6(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.6(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.6(c) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.7(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.7(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Sulfur Hexafluoride, S F 6 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Ammonia N H 3 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Ball and Stick Model of Disilicon Hexafluoride, Si2F6 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.17 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.18(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.18(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • A 3D Graph of Maxwell Velocity Distributions of R b Atoms Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.21 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.22 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 5.23 Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • The Schematic Diagram Represents the Two Types of Manometers Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • The Schematic Diagram Represents the Close-Type to Find Out Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Four Boxes are Labeled (a), (b), (c) and (d) which Represent Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • The Three Boxes are Labeled (i) , (ii) and (iii) Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Two Connected Flasks Containing Different Gases Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Two Connected Flasks Containing Different Gases Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • The Schematic Diagram Represents the Device Which Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • The Device Which is Used to Study the Atomic And Molecular Speed Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • The Plot Shows the Maxwell's Speed Distribution Curves Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Two Connected Flasks Containing Different Gases Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • The Plot Shows Maxwell's Speed Distribution Curves Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Three Connected Flasks Containing Gas Samples Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • The Mass Spectrum of Three Different Gases Text Alternative (Chapter 5)
  • Figure 6.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Figure 6.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Figure 6.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Figure 6.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • The Burning of a Gas Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Figure 6.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • The Burning of a Gas Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Figure 6.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Ball and Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Figure 6.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Figure 6.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Ball and Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • Figure 6.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • The Schematic Diagram Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • The Plot has Volume (V) Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • The Schematic Diagram Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • The Bar Graph Text Alternative (Chapter 6)
  • A Colored Micrograph Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.2 (a) and (b) Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.5(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • The Graph of Lambda Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.10(a) Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Illustration of A Ruby Laser Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Emission of Light by A Laser Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.20 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.21 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.22(b) Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.23 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.24 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.26 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.27 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.28 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.29 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.30 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Representation of Orbital Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Orbital Diagram of Helium Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.31 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.32 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.33 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • The Orbital Diagram of Boron Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Three Orbital Diagrams Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Orbital Diagram for Carbon Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Orbital Diagram of Oxygen Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Orbital Diagram of Fluorine Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Orbital Diagram for Neon Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Orbital Diagram of Oxygen Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Orbital Diagram for Chromium [Argon] Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Orbital Diagram for Copper [Argon] Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 7.34 Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • The Electronic Configuration Diagrams Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • The Diagram of Energy Levels Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • The Emission Spectrum Text Alternative (Chapter 7)
  • Figure 8.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Illustration of Effective Nuclear Charge Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • A Plot of Melting Points Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Changes in Ionisation Energy Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • A Plot of Ionization Energy Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 8.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • White and Red Phosphorus (P) Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Set of Four Orbital Diagrams Text Alternative (Chapter 8)
  • Figure 9.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Figure 9.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Pie-Chart Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Lewis Structures of H2O Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structures of F2 and H2O Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis and Molecular Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Lewis Structures of N2 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis and Molecular Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Figure 9.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Figure 9.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Figure 9.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Blank Periodic Table Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Figure 9.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two HF Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of HNO3 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of CO3 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of Guanine Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A clamp Stand Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of O3 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of O3 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of O3 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of CO3 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of CO3 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • An Elongated Oval Shaped Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Three Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Molecular Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Molecular Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Three Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Reaction Shows the Formation Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structures of NO and NO2 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Reaction Shows the Formation Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Blank Periodic Table Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • An Experimental Setup Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Figure 9.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Seven Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of Acetic Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of HCOOH Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of NO2 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of NO2 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Three Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of H2SO4 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of H2SO4 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of SF4 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Reaction Shows the Formation of Rb2S Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of C5H5N5O Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Two Lewis Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • Lewis Structure of IF5 Text Alternative (Chapter 9)
  • A Space Filling Model of Dorzolamide Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Trigonal Planar Electron-Pair Arrangement Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Tetrahedral Electron-Pair Arrangement Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Trigonal Bipyramidal Electron-Pair Arrangement Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • An Octahedral Electron-Pair Arrangement Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Trigonal Planar Electron-Pair Geometry Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Tetrahedral Electron-Pair Geometry Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Trigonal Bipyramidal Electron-Pair Geometry Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • An Octahedral Electron-Pair Geometry Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Molecular Structure of Methane (CH4) Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Lewis Structure of PCl5 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Lewis Structure of Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Lewis Structure of Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Lewis Structure of Ammonia (NH3) Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Lewis Structure of Sulfur Tetrafluoride (SF4) Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Two Structures are Labeled (a) and (b) Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Trigonal Planar Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Tetrahedral Electron-Pair Arrangement Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Tetrahedral Electron-Pair Arrangement Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Trigonal Bipyramidal Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Trigonal Bipyramidal Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Trigonal Bipyramidal Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • An Octahedral Electron-Pair Arrangement Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • An Octahedral Electron-Pair Arrangement Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of AlCl4 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structure of C2H4 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structure of C2H4 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of C2H4 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Different Molecular Structures of CO2 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Two Molecular Structures of C2H2Cl2 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Two Graphs Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Microwave Oven with Clockwise Rotating Blades Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structure of CH2Cl2 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Table 10.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.17 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals of Carbon and Oxygen Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.20 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.21 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.22 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.23 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.24 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.25 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.26 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.27 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Table 10.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.28 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.29 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 10.30 Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Computer-Generated Space Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Two Molecular Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Four Molecular Structures Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Three Molecular Structures Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Graph Plots Change in Potential Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Two Chemical Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Two Molecular Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball- and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structures Show Two Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Four Molecular Structures Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Three Ball-and-Stick Models Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Three Ball-and-Stick Models Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Three Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • A Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Three Ball-and-Stick Models Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Molecular Structure Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Lewis Structures show three Text Alternative (Chapter 10)
  • Figure 11.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Dipole Moment is Seen for Two Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Dipole Moment is Seen for Two Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Ball-and-Stick Models Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Three Molecules Bind to Water Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Glycerol Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • A Vertical Chain has the Formula Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.20 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.21 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.22 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.23 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.24 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.25 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.26 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.27 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Unit Cell of Superconductor Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Unit Cell of MgB2 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.29 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.30 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.31 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.32 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.33 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.34 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.36 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.37 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Ball-and Stick-Model of Diethyl Ether Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.39 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.40 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.41 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.42 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 11.43 Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • A Schematic of LCD Device and Alignment Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • A Thermogram Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Three Phase Diagrams Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Chemical Structure of Diethyl Ether and 1-Butanol Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Ball-and-Stick Models of Two Organic Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Two Benzene Rings Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • A Phase Diagram of Sulfur Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Unit Cell of Iodine Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Chemical Structures of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • A Plot of Natural Log of Pressure Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Three Structures Halothane, Isoflurane and Enflurane Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • The Phase Diagram of Helium Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • A Phase Diagram of Carbon Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • The Heating Curve Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Four Heating Curves Text Alternative (Chapter 11)
  • Figure 12.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Molecular Structures of Three Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Dipole Moment of Formaldehyde and Carbon Disulfide Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Sulfuric Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Phosphoric Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Glucose Molecule Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Structure of Benzene and Toluene Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Naphthalene Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 12.20 Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • A Solution in Test Tube Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Three Test Tube Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • An Illustration of a Pill Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • An Illustration of Osmosis Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • A Transparent Solution in a Test Tube Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • An Osmosis Setup Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • A Plot has Pressure on Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • A Cyclic Ring Structure of Valinomycin Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • The Molecular Structure of a Compound Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • The Phase Diagram of Aqueous Solution Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • The Phase Diagram of Aqueous Solution Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • The Phase Diagram of Aqueous Solution Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 13.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Space-Filling Models of Decomposition Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Space-Filling Model of Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Space-Filling Model of Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Cyclopropane Rearrangement Process Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Reaction of Cyclopropane to Propene Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of N2O5 Molecule Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Decomposition Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Decomposition of Ethane Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.17 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.20 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of Decomposition of Acetaldehyde Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.21 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Space-Filling Models Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Space-Filling Models of N2O4 and O2 Reacts Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.24 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Space-Filling Models of Decomposition Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Space-Filling Models Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Chemical Reaction of Methyl Acetate Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Two Structures (a) and (b) Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.25 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Periodic Table Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.26 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.28 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Chemical Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.30 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.31 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Ethanol Concentration in Blood Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Drug Concentration Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 13.32 Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot Shows Natural Logarithm Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Box Containing Three Types of Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Box Containing Three Types of Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Box Containing Three Types of Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • An Illustration of Termolecular Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Three Boxes Showing Progress Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Three Boxes Showing Progress Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Three Boxes Showing Progress Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Concentration on Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Three Chemical Reactions Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Concentration Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Two Boxes Showing Spheres Changing with Time Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Three Plots Shows the Reaction Progress Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Potential Energy on Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Light Absorption on Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Rate on Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Concentration Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • A Plot of Natural Log Text Alternative (Chapter 13)
  • Figure 14.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Figure 14.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Figure 14.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Space-Filling Models Shows the Reactants Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Ball-and-Stick Models Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Space-Filling Models Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Figure 14.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Space-Filling Models Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Figure 14.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Space-Filling Models Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Figure 14.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Molecular View Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of a Oxalic Acid Molecule C2H2O4 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Figure 14.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Figure 14.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • A Graph of Mole Percent of NH3 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • A Graph of Mole Percent on Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • A Schematic Diagram Shows Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Space-Filling Models Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Two Boxes at Different Temperatures T1 and T2 Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Three Boxes Illustrates Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Two Boxes Labeled (a) and (b) Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • An Illustration of Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Three boxes are labeled (a), (b) and (c) Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Three Boxes are Labeled (a), (b) and (c) Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Two Reaction Plots has Potential Energy Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • A Boat and Chair Conformations Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • Two Connected Flasks Text Alternative (Chapter 14)
  • A Bag of Fluids for Intravenous Injection with a Description Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • An Illustration of Oxygen Transport in the Lungs Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Molecular Level Diagram of A Minus Molecule Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Four Boxes Labeled (a) to (d) are Filled with Ag Plus Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Table 16.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 16.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Molecular Level Diagram of Three Types of Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Molecular Level Diagram of Two Types of Molecule Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Molecular Level Diagram of HA, A Minus Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Molecular Level Diagram of B, BH Plus Ions Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Plot of Mass of Salt HgI2 Formed Versus Volume Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Fischer Projection of Penicillin G Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Structure of Histidine Molecule Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Two Plots (a) and (b) Show the Comparison of Two Weak Acids Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Two Plots (a) and (b) Show the Comparison of Two Weak Bases Having Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Titration Curve for Polyprotic Acid is Given by Plotting Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Titration Curve for Polyprotic Base is Given by Plotting Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Plot Shows Molar Solubility on Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • Figure 17.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • A Molecular Diagram Shows Two Types of Diatomic Molecules Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Two Boxes Showing Enhanced View of a Chemical Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Three Illustrations of a Simple Heat Engine Labeled Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Two Diagrams (a) and (b) Show Rubber Molecules in the Normal Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • A Pulley System Shows Two Different Weights Hanging Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 17.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Two Boxes Showing Enhanced View of a Chemical Reaction Having Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Two Boxes Showing Enhanced View of a Chemical Reaction Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • A Graph Showing Change in Equilibrium Constant Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Enhanced View of 3 Boxes Labeled (a), (b) and (c) Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • A Pyridine Ring at C2 is Single Bonded to a 5-Membered Text Alternative (Chapter 17)
  • Figure 18.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Table 18.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Two Half-Cell Reactions and Their Electrode Potentials Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • A Schematic Diagram of a Bacterial Fuel Cell Has Two Compartments Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • A Schematic Diagram Shows the Dental Fillings Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.17 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 18.20 Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • An Illustration Shows Two Electrodes Dipped Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • A Lose-Up Shows Aqueous KI Solution in a Beaker Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • A Diagram Shows Galvanic Cell Connected to an Electrolytic Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • A Schematic Diagram of Zinc Battery Shows Three Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • A Graph of Electrode Potential in Volts on Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 18)
  • Figure 19.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Table 19.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Lewis Structure of S2O3 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of a Molecule Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Structure of S2O3 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 19.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • A Close-Up of Irradiated (0.2 M Radiation) Versus Non-Irradiated Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • An Illustration of a Smoke Detector Containing Am-241 at the Bottom Plate Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Three Graphs Show Change in Neutrons N on the Vertical Axis Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • A Graph Shows Change in Neutrons N on the Vertical Axis Versus Text Alternative (Chapter 19)
  • Figure 20.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.17 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.21 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.22 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • A Chemical Reaction with Structure of Each Reactant and Product Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Ball-and-Stick Model of a Compound Known as PAN Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.24 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 20.26 Text Alternative (Chapter 20)
  • Figure 21.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • A Structure Shows Two Al Atoms Bonded by a Common Cl Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.20 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 21.21 Text Alternative (Chapter 21)
  • Figure 22.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • An Interior View and Composition Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 22.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Lewis Structures of Oxide Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Two Resonance Structures of Ozone Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 22.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.17 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Figure 22.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 22)
  • Lewis Structures of Hypochlorous Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Fischer Projection of a Molecule Text Alternative (Chapter 12)
  • Figure 23.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Seven Beakers Showing Range of Colors Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.20 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.21 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of A Heme Group in Hemoglobin Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of an Fe Two Plus Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Three Possible Ways of Binding Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of A Heme Group in Cytochrome C Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of a Porphyrin Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of Cisplatin Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • A Model of Cisplatin and the Bending Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • A Structure of Dimethylglyoxime Shows Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 23.22 Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Lewis Structure of Tripolyphosphate ion Contains Text Alternative (Chapter 23)
  • Figure 24.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of Methane Hydrate Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of N-Pentane Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • A Ball-and-Stick Model of 2-Methyl Butane Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • A Ball-and-stick Model of 2, 2-Dimethyl Propane Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • 4-Methyl-Cis-2-Hexene and 4-Methyl-Trans-2-Hexene Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Maps Enclosing Ball-and-stick Models of HCl Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Propene Reacts with HBr Forming 1-Bromopropane Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Maps of Ball-and-stick Models of Propene Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Maps Enclosing Ball-And-Stick Model of a Cis Dichloroethylene Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Cis-Dichloroethylene and Trans-Dichloroethylene Isomer Have a Dipole Moment of 1.89 D and 0 Boiling Point Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Enclosing a Ball-and-stick Model of Propyne Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Structures of Ethyl Benzene, Chloro Benzene Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Three Possible Orientations of Dibromobenzene Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Enclosing a Ball-and-stick Model of Ethanol Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Enclosing Ball-and-stick Model of Dimethyl Ether Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Three Chemical Reactions. Methanol is Oxidized to Formaldehyde Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Enclosing Ball-and-stick Model of Acetaldehyde Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Enclosing Ball-and-stick Model of Acetic Acid Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Electrostatic Potential Map Enclosing Ball-and-stick Model of Methyl Amine Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • A Chemical Structure of Cholesterol Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Figure 24.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • A Schematic Diagram Shows Fractional Distillation of oil with Six Products Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • A Four-Part Illustration Shows The Working of The Internal Combustion Engine Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Two Structures of The Tetra Methyl Lead and Tetra Ethyl Lead Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Two Structures of Cyclopropane Derivative Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • Three Structures Are Labeled (A) Through (C) Text Alternative (Chapter 24)
  • A 3D Illustration Shows Several Double Helical Strands of DNA Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Terephthalic Acid Condensed with 1, 2-Ethylene Glycol Produces Dacron Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • A Peptide Bond is Formed Between the Carbonyl C Atom Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.8 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Two Resonance Structures of an Amide Group Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.9 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.10 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.11 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.12 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.13 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.14 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • A structure of glutamic acid shows Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • A Structure of Valine Shows Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Ribbon Models of Myoglobin and Hemoglobin Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.15 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.16 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.17 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.18 Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Figure 25.19 Text Alternative (Chapter 16)
  • A Step-by-step Procedure Shows the Process of Obtaining DNA Fingerprint Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Two Structures Show Native and Denatured Forms of a Protein Text Alternative (Chapter 25)
  • Lewis Structure of an Equation with Reactants Sr Plus Se Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure of an Equation with Reactants Ca Plus 2H Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure of an Equation with Reactants Li Plus N Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure of an Equation with Reactants Al Plus S Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure of CH2ClCOO Minus Molecule Text Alternative (Answers)
  • A Structure of CH3NH3 Plus Molecule Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure of NH2OH Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure of POCl3 Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure of CH3CH2F Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure of CH3COOH Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure Shows Three Resonance Forms of ClO3 Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure Shows Two Resonance Forms of CH2N2 Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure Shows Three Resonance Forms of OCN Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure Shows Three Resonance Forms of N3 Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Reaction Between NH2 and H2O Gives NH3 and OH Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure Shows Two Resonance Forms of CH3NCO Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure Shows Two Resonance Forms of NO Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure Shows Two Resonance Forms of NH2NH2BH3 Text Alternative (Answers)
  • A Structure Shows Two Al Atoms Joined by Two Cl Atoms at The Top and Bottom Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structure Shows Two Resonance Forms of NO2F Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Lewis Structures of CF3CHCl2 and CF2CH2F Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Cis and Trans Forms of a Cobalt Complex Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Four Structures of Different Compounds Text Alternative (Answers)
  • A Structure Shows C Double Bond C with Both C Atoms Text Alternative (Answers)
  • A Structure Shows a Benzene Ring with C1 Single Bonded to C3 Text Alternative (Answers)
  • Two Structures Shows 6-Membered Ring and 5-Membered Ring Text Alternative (Answers)

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  Þú lagar síðuna að þínum þörfum. Stækkaðu eða minnkaðu myndir og texta með multi-level zoom til að sjá síðuna eins og þér hentar best í þínu námi.
  
  
  
  Fleiri góðir kostir
  - Þú getur prentað síður úr bókinni (innan þeirra marka sem útgefandinn setur)
  - Möguleiki á tengingu við annað stafrænt og gagnvirkt efni, svo sem myndbönd eða spurningar úr efninu
  - Auðvelt að afrita og líma efni/texta fyrir t.d. heimaverkefni eða ritgerðir
  - Styður tækni sem hjálpar nemendum með sjón- eða heyrnarskerðingu